Stages of Prenantal Development Essay Example

Stages of Prenantal Development Paper The intricate details of life begin with a single cell that develops into a full term fetus within approximately 38-40 weeks. The prenatal development stages outline the growth of the child and give a clearer picture of the development of the child in the womb. The course of this prenatal development is divided into three main periods:  germinal, embryonic, and fetal. The germinal/conception stage begins with conception, occurs within the first 2 weeks. This journey begins when the sperm and egg cell unite in one of the two fallopian tubes. The fertilized egg, known as a zygote, then moves toward the uterus, a journey that can take up to a week to complete. Cell division begins  and continues rapidly forming a blastocyst. Finally, the blastocyst arrives at the uterus and attached to the uterine wall, a process known as implantation. The conception stage is basically the preparatory and preliminary process of prenatal development that readies and prepares the body for the impending pregnancy. Once implantation has occur the the blastocyst is develops into an embryo. This second stage, the  embryonic period  occurs 2-8 weeks after conception. This is referred as the most important stage of prenatal devllopment as the foundational development of the embryo begins here. During this period, the rate of cell division increases, support systems for the cells form, and organs appear. The mass of cells attached to the uterine wall forms two layers and is now called the embryo. The  inner layer of cells of the embryo is the endoderm  which develops into digestive and respiratory systems. We will write a custom essay sample on Stages of Prenantal Development specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Stages of Prenantal Development specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Stages of Prenantal Development specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The  ectoderm which is the outer layer of cells will become the nervous system and sensory receptors such as ears, nose, and eyes, and skin. The middle layer known as the  mesoderm will develop into the circulatory system, bones, muscle, excretory system, and reproductive system. By the 8th week teeth and intestines start the form as well. From the 11th week onwards, the child is called a fetus, and this stage is the last of the prenatal development timeline. This stage culminates in the birth of the child. Development of the fetus continues rapidly throughout most of this period. The fetus develops hair, nails, vocal cords, genitals, hardened bones, and a functioning liver and kidneys. By about the 20th week fat starts accumulating under the skin, the heart starts pumping more amounts of blood each day, and the baby also starts experiencing hiccups. The rate of development continues slowly as other body systems such as ligaments, brain and eyes continue developing. Up to the 40th week, the main task is the formation of the lungs, as most other body parts and organs are ready. The child starts developing necessary immunities, and also starts fattening up to face the outer environment. By about the 39th week, the child will be ready to be born into this world. During pregnancy there are 3 trimesters. A trimester is referred to as a three months period. Most commonly, the first trimester is defined as from conception through week 14. The second trimester is from week 14 through week 28. And the third trimester is from week 28 through labor and deliver, which varies considerably but averages at week 40.

HAcker Attacks in Cyberspace essays

HAcker Attacks in Cyberspace essays As NATO troops, combat aircraft, and warships were preparing to attack during the Yugoslavian Conflict, NATO's computers were being attacked on a second front. NATO was prepared for this cyber attack. For the past few years, the U.S. military has been engaged in a quiet but seemingly never-ending series of e-mail skirmishes against an unseen enemy. These cyber battles are helping the military develop the tools it needs to defend itself and are proving to be better than any training exercises. For 78 days, from March to June 1999, the United States and its NATO allies engaged in a military operation to bring an end to Serbian atrocities in Kosovo. This operation was known as Operation Allied Force. Three days after the bombing began hackers from an unknown location began an attack to disrupt the e-mail communication of the NATO allied forces. "Pings" or a method of hacking was the most widely used method to disrupt the communications of NATO. In this method one computer repeatedly calls another computer and delivers a large volume of messages that are meant to overload a system. These "e-mail bombs" caused only a few hours of disconnected service. While the actual identities of these hackers are unknown, a likely suspect was a Belgrade based five-member hacker team called Crna Ruka, which means Black Hand. This group had hacked into Kosovo Information Centre and had been quoted by a Belgrade newspaper as saying "NATO is our next target." It is almost impossible to locate these hacker groups or even to convict them. Hackers can access almost any server from anywhere in the world and use that to disguise their locations. Cyber warfare skills are being honed by these cyber attacks. The increased amount of attacks gives experience to the military. The attacks on the NATO e-mail network were indeed a worthy note in the history of war. It was the one of the first times that computer hackers co ...

Challenges For The Contemporary Business Organizations - Samples

The present business scenario offers huge opportunities as well as various challenges for the contemporary business organizations. One of the key opportunities that are being present to the business organizations is the internet and online marketing facility (Eid & EI-Gohary, 2013). In the recent time, internet boom helps in changing the existing business scenario to the whole. More organizations are gearing up to increase their presence in the online market. In addition, numerous organizations originated which operates only based on internet. Thus, organizations having the opportunity to tap the internet facility will have huge potential in the future. Medicare is one such start up which will be primarily internet based and will provide online medical care service to their customers. In the current scenario, people have less time to go for any doctor appointment, compare the charges of various hospitals and doctor fees. Thus, Medicare will provide an online portal where people can c ompare the rates in various hospitals; can take online appointments for their chosen doctors (Solano-Lorente, Martinez-Caro & Cegarra-Navarro, 2013). In addition, they can give reviews regarding the service being provided by the hospitals and the doctors. These reviews will further help other people in having the prior idea about the hospital or doctor they are choosing. Medicare aims at changing the existing scenario of providing health care to the patients by offering a holistic approach to the health care under one roof. In the initial stage, the organization will operate in the Australian regions. Sydney will be chosen for the initial pilot project. Necessary feedback gathered from the customers during the pilot project will help to modify it according the market requirement and will expand it in other Australian regions afterwards (Goetsch & Davis, 2014). The healthcare industry in Australia is quite potential and emerging with increasing average spending in the healthcare. Medicare will implement a holistic approach in determining their strategies to gain more market foothold. The strategy will be the market penetration strategy. It will help to increase the market share by implementing extensive marketing activities and customer engagement schemes. The vision of the organization will be to be the leading company in providing online healthcare in the global market. Start ups naturally do not comprise of complex hierarchical structures. Thus, Medicare will implement flat and horizontal organizational structure. It will help to reduce the gap between the higher management and the employees. Further, the communication process in the internal organization will be enhanced between the higher and lower levels (Ashkenas et al., 2015). In the initial stage, the organizational structure will be divided in four main departments. One department will be responsible for the marketing and sales. They will look after the acquisitions of the client and marketing the services in the market. The second department will be responsible for financial aspect. They will look after the allocation of the financial resources in the organization and maintaining effective financial norms. The third department will look after the management of the human resources to maintain and enhance the performance of the employees (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). The fourth department wil l be responsible for the software development. This department will look after the managing the portal effectively. The technological part will be looked after by them. These four departments will be headed by the separate department heads with all having independent decision making capability. Medicare will obviously face the external and internal environment forces that will have implications in their operations. PEST analysis will help to determine the various factors that will affect their performance. The first factor is political which refers to the government policies and stability in the region of operations (Galvaan, 2012). Political stability in Australia is favorable with having various government incentives to promote start ups. It will ease the process of gaining initial capital for operating. The next aspect is economical which refers to the condition of the economy in the particular region. Australia is a developed country and is having positive per capita expenses for health care which will help to increase the market share more rapidly. Being an industrially developed country, people will have more access to the internet and will have less personal time. Thus, it is an opportunity for Medicare to have extensive market penetration whose unique proposition is providing convenience (Barreto, 2012). The next aspect in the PEST analysis is social which refers to the social culture and structure in the society. Majority of the population in Australia is having access to mobile internet and most of them are comfortable in surfing and handling apps (Shiau & Luo, 2012). Thus, it will not be a difficult task for Medicare to market their services. Technology is the last aspect which refers to the advancement of technologies in the industry. Medicare is fully based on internet and technology. Thus, they have to be technologically advanced at all stages to stay ahead in the competition. The more advance and updated technologies they will use will help them in providing more convenience to their customers. Internal environment refers to the working environment of the employees (Korzynski, 2013). One of the key internal forces is the skill sets of the employees. The more diversified and updated skill set will be with the employees, the more will be their competitive advantage. Innovation i s another important criterion that will determine the effectiveness of the organization. The sector where Medicare is operating is fully innovation based. Thus, periodic innovation will help to stay ahead in the competition. According to the Robson risk management model, the first step is to perceiving the risk that can be associated with the organization. In the case of Medicare, the perceived risks can be the strategic risk. Strategic risk refers to the uncertainties regarding the change in the market perception (Frigo & Anderson, 2012). The preference pattern of the customer may change which will make the particular service irrelevant. On the other hand, the more superior service being introduced by the competitors may make the service provided by Medicare obsolete. Other perceived risk may be the financial risk that is quite common for any business organization. Operational risk may also be relevant in the management of Medicare. The next process is the assessment of the risk with having evaluated the level of impact in the organization (Covello & Merkhoher, 2013). Medicare will have contingency plans to reduce the impact of the risk in the business. Internal environment will be effectively managed i n order to reduce the probability of the risk and its impact. To enhance the performance of the organization, measures such as human resource management will be effectively implemented in order to enhance the productivity of the employees. Medicare will implement employee welfare schemes which will help to motivate the employees in providing effective service. Job rotation and employee empowerment will be promoted to reduce the monotony of the employees and enhancing their job satisfaction. Periodical skill development training will be provided to the employees in order to equip them with diversified abilities to face the business challenges (Ji et al., 2012). The key functions of Medicare will be acquiring more client or merchant which will be displayed from the portal. In this case, client or merchant refers to the hospitals and doctors who will subscribe with Medicare. It will enable to garner more traffic in the site which will help to attract more revenue. It is a revolving and interrelated process due to the reason that, more client acqui sition will help to attract more traffic and vice versa. The more traffic it will garner from the market will help to generate more positive word of mouth and buzz among the customers. It will enable them to increase their brand identity and image. This will further help in expanding the market in the global scenario. Thus, organizational performance will get enhanced with the enhancement of the basic functions of the organizations. More traffic in the site helps to garner more revenue from the market and eventually it will help to increase the resource allocation for their various activities. Thus, the customer service and convenience will get further enhanced. Thus, it can be concluded that in the era of internet boom and online market, Medicare will create a place of its own if being managed properly. Though, healthcare is emerging as one of the most profitable sector in the Australian region, but still the area where it is willing to operate is having much less amount of competitors. Thus, Medicare will have a huge untapped market to p enetrate. If designed and organized effectively, Medicare will change the entire scenario of providing health care in the global market. Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2014).  Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Ashkenas, R., Ulrich, D., Jick, T., & Kerr, S. (2015).  The boundaryless organization: Breaking the chains of organizational structure. John Wiley & Sons. Barreto, I. (2012). A behavioral theory of market expansion based on the opportunity prospects rule.  Organization Science,  23(4), 1008-1023. Covello, V. T., & Merkhoher, M. W. (2013).  Risk assessment methods: approaches for assessing health and environmental risks. Springer Science & Business Media. Eid, R., & El-Gohary, H. (2013). The impact of E-marketing use on small business enterprises' marketing success.  The Service Industries Journal,  33(1), 31-50. Frigo, M., & Anderson, R. J. (2012).  Strategic risk management: the new core competency. John Wiley & Sons Limited. Galvaan, R. (2012). Occupational Choice: The Significance of Socio?Economic and Political Factors.  Occupational science: Society, inclusion, participation, 152-162. Goetsch, D. L., & Davis, S. B. (2014).  Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Ji, L., Huang, J., Liu, Z., Zhu, H., & Cai, Z. (2012). The effects of employee training on the relationship between environmental attitude and firms' performance in sustainable development.  The International Journal of Human Resource Management,  23(14), 2995-3008. Korzynski, P. (2013). EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN NEW WORKING ENVIRONMENT.  International journal of academic research,  5(5). Shiau, W. L., & Luo, M. M. (2012). Factors affecting online group buying intention and satisfaction: A social exchange theory perspective.  Computers in Human Behavior,  28(6), 2431-2444. Solano-Lorente, M., Martà ­nez-Caro, E., & Cegarra-Navarro, J. G. (2013). Designing a Framework to Develop eLoyalty for Online Healthcare Services.  Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management,  11(1). End your doubt 'should I pay someone to do my dissertation by availing dissertation writing services from

Evolution of Health Care Information Systems Essay - 1

Evolution of Health Care Information Systems - Essay Example This paper outlines that the use of health care information systems in United States has changed considerably during last twenty years. U.S. health organizations have modernized most of their health facilities in order to improve service delivery. A great deal of investments has been made in implementation of the information systems that are applied in clinical operations. In an effort to improve service delivery and decrease costs, health organizations have adopted computerized systems such as Electronic Medical Record systems. In the past, before the development of the EMR, health organizations used paper based record systems. At the time, half of the patient’s information was computerized and stored as computer printouts. From this study it is clear that the automated systems were used as primary source for analyzing patients’ information by the physicians or the clinicians. This contrasts sharply with the modern Electronic Medical Recording systems which are used as passive storage devices in many health organizations. Using this system enables physicians to access knowledge resources, reminders and alerts. Health professionals can use the system in decision making due to the fact that it enables them to access the decision support capabilities. Most of the health facilities present in the health centers could not be used to manage the patient health effectively. With the introduction of the electronic system, clinicians and physician have used the system to manage health of patients. The health facilities in the past could not provide the physician with comprehensive view of the patient’s health. Even though there is sharp contrast between health care facilities in the past and at the present, there exist some similarities. Medical records kept whichever the system is used, is very useful for documenting patient care.  

Ethics in Practice - Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethics in Practice - - Case Study Example All expect one of the photos were accessible to other but only to a few friends. The paper is an attempt to get into the shoes of that reporter and help solve the ethical dilemma. The point, which is important here to note is that by not allowing that article to the published, one, would be upholding the principles of â€Å"liberty† and â€Å"freedom†. Analysis has indicated only a handful of prominent philosophers in the Western world that have not gone on to mention â€Å"liberty† as a value or virtue. Whether it is Karl Marx or John Stuart Mill, John Rawls or Kant, Nietzsche or Aristotle, they all believe that liberty and freedom is what makes the integral part of the human essence. In the absence of freedom and liberty, humans are very much similar to other animals. In fact, John Rawls, one of greatest philosophers of the 21st century has gone to elaborate the concept of liberty and its limits in a great manner, which says, â€Å"Liberty can only be restricted for liberty itself† (Corey, Corey & Callanan, pp. 64-67, 2010). Quite understandably, by posting those photos in the newspaper, Jane would be restricting the freedom of t hose teachers since those photos were not for the entire world but for a handful of friends. The only rational behind restricting the freedom of those teachers would be if their freedom had limiting someone else’s liberty of information, informed consent or others (Livingstone, pp. 85-89, 2009). However, this is not the case here. Their â€Å"lewd† photos are a matter of their personal life and not their public lives and whatever they do, after they are done teaching, should not be of any concern to others. Everyone has a right to live his or her private or personal lives with minimum interference from the outside (Gilliland, Steiner & Skarlicki, pp. 36-37, 2007). This article would be worth publishing and in fact, it would have become imperative to publish the articles if these photos

Motivation Letter Essay Example for Free

Motivation Letter Essay Motivation Letter Application For Studying In University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille To whom it may concern: In addition to all my documents provided, I would like to take this great opportunity to write a motivation letter to clarify my main reason that drives me to study in University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille. After graduation from _____ University major in Industry International Trade, I acquired knowledge in an extensive business area, for example, accounting, finance, international trade, corporate management, law etc. I worked at Credit Control department at Accenture Consulting Company for around 2 years. My responsibility includes providing customer service to UK clients, collecting overdue debt, applying cash payments, making financial adjustments and analyzing credit status for customers. My interpersonal skills improved greatly and English skill was polished as well through daily contact with British customers. Currently I have been worked as assistant product manager at Golden Label 5 International Trade Company. My responsibilities are to communicate with the sales team, the distributors and the promotional girls in order to motivate them and to let them be more and more aware of our brands images to manage efficiently the existing marketing tools to participate in the development of new marketing tools and participate in the development of the promotions for the day market. I believe that my current working experience is the main reason that drives me to study in France. By choosing to study University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille there are a few advantages that I can achieve my goal: My current job is to assist my French boss (marketing director) to communicate with the sales team, the distributors and the promotional girls in order to motivate them and to let them be more and more aware of our brands images. Meanwhile boost and maintain our brand image. In order to cooperate better with my boss, I started to learn French since last June. Although we still discuss in English during daily life, my French language does help me a lot when I explain some authentic French traditional wines and spirits knowledge to customers. I know more and more about French, French culture, French wine, etc. And I believe that what I will obtain in University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille give me a global view of International corporate management and have a multi-culture background. France is a multicultural country, and University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille is a well-known multicultural university. I can learn how to interact within different cultures to improve my interpersonal skills. I also can build up a network that comprises friends from different countries and areas. France has good relationship with China. And now China is becoming certainly the biggest potential market for France. With my multi- culture background and French experience and skills, when I have completed study in France and returns China, I can participate into the development of business cooperation or any other relationship. In short, by choosing to study in University Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille, I will benefit greatly from the extraordinary experience for building up my professional career, and I will help to build China, my motherland, into a well-managed market economy country. I am looking forward that my application can be assessed and approved at your earliest convenience! Kind Regards Li

Digital Divide :: Essays Papers

Digital Divide The â€Å"Digital Define† is the distance between the people who have adequate access to technology and those who do not. As teachers, we have numerous avenues through which we can assist in narrowing the gap of the Digital Divide. Some suggestions are the following: 1. Gather teaching materials through sources such as: www.pbs.org/digitaldivide/about.html www.pbs.org/digitaldivide/learning.html www.siliconvallydigitaldivide.net www.ed.gov/free www.fcs.gov/resources.html 1-800-257-5126 2. Donate a computer, obtain a donated computer, or upgrade an obsolete one. Many organizations have been developed to assist in this task; a few are as follows: Share the Technology - www.sharetechnology.org Computers for Learning – www.computers.fed.gov NewDeal – www.newdealine.com Heaven – www.heavens.org 3. Keep informed about the most recent government initiatives, as well as what politicians and government officials have to say. A variety of Web sites can aid you in this undertaking; some are listed here: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Technology – www.ed.gov/Technology Federal Communications Commission – www.fcc.gov.major.html Closing the Digital Divide – www.digitaldivide.gov The National Telecommunications and Information Administration – www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/fttn99/contents.html The Digital Divide Network – www.digitaldividenetwork.org 4. Investigate the community access centers (CACs) in your area and spread the word about their availability. CACs include places such as libraries, community centers, schools, and other public-access locations. 5. Learn about model initiatives – successful models. A few projects include: The Digital Divide Project – www.washington.edu/wto/digital/resources/html NetDay – www.netday.org Alliance for Community Technology – www.communitytechnology.org The Foundry – www.thefoundry.org The Village Foundation – www.villagefoundation.org/PROGRAMS/pathways/technology/index.html PowerUP: Bridging the Digital Divide – www.powerup.org The Maine Laptop Program Lightspan, Inc. – www.lightspan.com Plugged In – www.pluggedin.org Neighborhood Network – www.hud.gov/nnwnnwindex.html 6. Explore opportunities for corporate support. A good place to start is www.wested.org/tie/grant.html#corporate. This site has a list of corporate and foundation funding sources and other grant related resources. The model initiative I chose to investigate is NetDay. NetDay is a project connecting students and their teachers in under-served communities with the necessary resources to facilitate learning through education technology. From this site, NetDay Compass is accessible. NetDay Compass is a teachers guide to educational technology resources. There are sections on developing technology plans, technology infrastructure, grant and funding, classroom support, and model high tech schools. Here teachers will find the information they need to include technology in education and narrow the gap of the digital divide. In the three years I have been teaching in Louisiana, I have seen numerous incidents of digital divide. However, one particular incident stands out in my mind the most. Last year, I had a Financial Math class made up of mostly juniors and seniors.

Theories on Criminal Behavior

There are many theories that provide an explanation of criminal behavior. According to some theories, delinquent behavior is innate in an individual. Other theories say that crime is influenced by environmental, economic, and psychological aspects (University of North Texas, nd). Biological Theories According to the biological theories, criminals have a different physiological makeup from non-criminals. Their biological inferiority is what pushes them to resort to criminal activities.There had been multiple studies that attempts to find out if criminality is hereditary through analysis of family trees, identical and fraternal twins, statistics, and adopted children. However, these approaches have proved futile because they cannot distinguish hereditary from environmental influences (University of North Texas, nd). Contemporary researches, on the other hand, has discovered a wide array of biological factors that have direct or indirect connection with criminal or delinquent activities .Among them are lack of chemicals, minerals, and vitamins in the food they eat, sugar and carbohydrates-rich food, and hypoglycemia. Exposure to radiation, dysfunctions in the brain, and swallowing of food dyes and lead also play an important role in criminal behaviors. Likewise, criminal acts have something to do with hormonal abnormalities, particularly those that are connected with testosterone (the male sex hormone) and progesterone and estrogen (the sex hormones related to female). By injecting estrogen to male sex offenders would minimize their sexual drives(University of North Texas, nd).In addition, biological theorists likewise believe that the interplay of biological, environmental and social conditions can have an effect on criminal behavior. The genetic makeup of the criminal gives them a predisposition to act in a certain manner. The environmental and social conditions determines the actual behavior as well as the definition of that act(University of North Texas, nd). P sychological Theories The belief that criminal behavior is caused by low intelligence gained ground in the United States.In order to prove this view, a study was conducted in 1931 and reached a zero correlation between the intelligence of an individual and criminal behavior(University of North Texas, nd). According to Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, criminal behaviors are associated with psychopaths or those who have internal problems that have been unresolved. Psychopaths are people who are rules by senseless guilt, subjective conscience, and no do not know how to distinguish right from wrong. In general, they find it hard to establish relationships with other people and do not know how to be emphatic(University of North Texas, nd).Sociological TheoriesAccording to sociologists, how people behave is determined by the social group as well as the social structure. The conditions of their society may cause them to commit crimes and delinquency(University of North Texas, nd).Sub-cultural Theory of DelinquencyIn the 1920s, the Chicago School, composed of sociologists, attempted to discover the connection between the crime rate of a community and its characteristics. According to this theory, social disorganization can take place in a neighborhood where the rate of delinquency is high.Social disorganization takes place when:1) there is absence of delinquency control;2) the criminal behavior is most of the time with the consent of parents as well as the community;3) the opportunity for delinquency presents itself; 4) there is minimal encouragement, training, or possibility for legal employment(University of North Texas, nd).Anomie TheoryThis theory was proposed by Robert Merton in 1938. Anomie explains the major difference between the cultural objectives and social structure of the United States. People experience strain as a result of their limited access to legal means of achieving wealth.In order to cope up with this inadequacy, people accumulate we alth through illegal methods as well as through conformity. Other forms of adaptation, according to the anomie theory, include ritualism, wherein the individual does not pursue the wealth actively, and rebellion, where the individual does not accept both the goal of the wealth as well as the legal means of obtaining it(University of North Texas, nd).Differential AssociationThis theory, introduced by Edwin Sutherland, is one of the major beliefs that explains the causes of criminal behavior.According to Sutherland, criminal behavior takes place because the delinquent individual has been exposed to criminal elements and isolated from anti-criminal patterns(University of North Texas, nd).Social Learning TheoryAccording to the principles of learning theory, the best way to approach criminality is to implement policies that would effectively punish criminals. Sadly, this is not being implemented in the United States. At present, the delinquent individual is usually not incarcerated and r eturned to the same community where they have been exposed to criminal behavior.Likewise, the method of punishment lacks consistency and is not immediately implemented. Alternative or prosocial behaviors is not rewarded with positive reinforcement(University of North Texas, nd).Social Control TheoryThe social control theory does not attempt to uncover the reasons why criminal behavior is committed but rather focuses on why people conform and accept these behaviors(University of North Texas, nd). Travis Hirschi, in his 1969 book Causes of Delinquency, provides a comprehensive presentation of contemporary social control theory.In his book, Hirschi concluded that delinquent behavior is likely unless the offender is exposed in a society that is characterized by attachment to other people, commitment to traditional means of action, involvement in usual activities, and concurrence to moral order and law(University of North Texas, nd). Moreover, Hirschi explained that the leading cause of delinquency is ineffective child rearing, which results to individuals with low self-control(University of North Texas, nd).Labeling TheoryThis theory places emphasis on the criminalization process itself as the reason for some crimes.The criminalization process refers to the definition of criminals and delinquent behavior. According to the labeling theory, the first time a person commits a delinquent act and gets punished by the criminal system, they are already viewed as a criminal and it eventually becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy(University of North Texas, nd).Conflict TheoryThis theory delves on the struggle between rich and poor, management and employees, majority and minority group. According to the conflict theory, society involves conflicts between rival interest groups and that the law and justice system functions in order to control subordinate groups.Crime results from the lack of power(University of North Texas, nd).Radical/Marxist TheoryAccording to this theory, capi talism demands competition of people in order to gain material wealth. Because of the uneven distribution of wealth, people have taken advantage of people who are less powerful than them as they accumulate wealth(University of North Texas, nd). According to the radical theory, criminal behavior is caused by what Marx calls class struggle (University of North Texas, nd).Real Life Cases of Criminal Behavior For a period of two years, FBI Special Agent Robert Hazelwood and Janet Warren from the University of Virginia’s Institute of Psychiatry and Law conducted interviews of 41 men who were convicted for the rape of 837 victims. Based on the interviews, 55-61% of the criminals committed premeditated rape during the first, middle, and final act. 15 – 22% of the criminals said that their acts were results of their impulse while 22 – 24% said that the opportunity to rape presented itself(Hazelwood & Warren, 1990).According to Janet Warren from the University of Virgini a, there are methods of sexual attacks on women. The first one is called the ‘con’ approach. In this method, the rapist openly talks to their victims and asks if they can do anything to help them. As soon as the victim is within their control, that is the time they perpetrate their evil plans. This was the case used by one of the interviewed rapists named John, who was responsible for raping 20 victims(Hazelwood & Warren, 1990). The second method used by rapist is the ‘blitz.Here the rapist physically assaults their victims by using chemicals or gases. Most of the times, however, they use their strength to overpower the woman. This was the case of 28 year-old Phil, who raped one of his victims in a vehicle(Hazelwood & Warren, 1990). Finally, the third method is the ‘surprise. ’ In this approach, the rapist pre-selects their would-be victim. The physical assault is perpetrated by the offender waiting for the woman. Weapons, such as guns or knives, as w ell as threats are involved in the surprise approach. 24-year old Sam chooses his victims by observing her patterns.He was able to rape 20 victims before he was caught(Hazelwood & Warren, 1990).ConclusionThere are many theories that explain the reasons why people resort to criminal behaviors. The causes of criminality may be psychological, social, or biological.ReferencesExplaining Crime. University of North Texas. Retrieved July 21 2008 from http://www. unt. edu/cjus/Course_Pages/CJUS_2100/2100chapter3. pptHazelwood, R. , & Warren, J(February 1990). The Criminal Behavior of the Serial Rapist. Holysmoke. Org. Retrieved July 21 2008 from http://www. holysmoke. org/fem/fem0126. htm

Examples of Post Modernism in Play and Worker Drone Essay

In any situation foreign to the character, anything and everything will be done to try to make sense of ones surroundings. The importance of identifying the type of the movies shown in â€Å"Worker Drone† by Raju, S. (2010) and â€Å"Play† by Kaplan and Zimmerman (2010) are vital to the understanding of not only the plot, but also the common themes presented. For example, common themes in both movies were was the sense of paranoia, a showcase of intertextuality and an ambiguous endings. All three common themes make it clear that these movies are in fact postmodern films, despite the fact that there were also a few common themes also found supporting a modernist and existentialist sense. There were ambiguous ending in both filmsIn both films, there were clear ambiguous endings, which makes them postmodernis a large indicator of a postmodern film. For example, the audience also does not know what how the ending was in the movie â€Å"Play† movie â€Å"Play† ends, and leaves them asking questions such as to who was the little boy and does the female end up tell anyone else what she saw in the ending? In â€Å"The Worker Drone† the audience never finds out if the war had ended or even if Paul has actually told anyone else the truth. These films display ambiguous endings and leave the audience wondering as to what exactly happened, and allows them to create their own version of the ending in their own heads. This common theme displays a postmodern type of storytelling in both â€Å"The Worker Drone† and â€Å"Play†. Another key postmodern theme that I believe was most apparent was the use of intertexting themes in both â€Å"The Worker Drone† and â€Å"Play†. An example of such was used during â€Å"Play† when the story is actually set inside a videogame in which the characters play as characters inside of the game cartages. Also, Wwhile in â€Å"The Worker Drone† this theme is shown with the use of the â€Å"Planet Dogstar† promo commercial that is played as a video inside of a movie. These examples of intertexting are very apparent in both films and represents another aspect of postmodern themes. Lastly, as related to the previous paragraph, most specifically the movie â€Å"Play†, the strange world in which these characters live in create a sense of paranoia and has them begin to question their reality. As mentioned, in the movie â€Å"Play† these characters find themselves in a strange video game world in which they are unsure of who they even are (eg. â€Å"Who am I? Where am I?†). Meanwhile, in â€Å"The Worker Drone† the main characters have developed paranoia in which they believe they are being monitored to the point in which they have nanochips implanted in their brains. In conclusion, both â€Å"The Worker Drone† and â€Å"Play† presented common themes showcasing a postmodern view such as intertexting, ambiguous endings and paranoia. These themes stood out the most in my opinion and made these stories postmodern in my opinion. Task 1, Topic 2: Two Examples of Post modernism FINAL COPY In any situation foreign to the character, anything and everything will be done to try to make sense of ones surroundings. The importance of identifying the type of the movies shown in â€Å"Worker Drone† by Raju, S. (2010) and â€Å"Play† by Kaplan and Zimmerman (2010) are vital to the understanding of not only the plot, but also the common themes presented. For example, common themes in both movies was the sense of paranoia, a showcase of intertextuality an ambiguous ending. All three common themes make it clear that these movies are in fact postmodern films, despite the fact that there were also a few common themes found supporting a modernist and existentialist sense. In both films there were clear ambiguous endings, which is a large indicator of a postmodern film. For example, the audience also does not know how the movie â€Å"Play† ends, and leaves them asking questions such as to who was the little boy and does the female character end up tell anyone else what she saw in the ending? In â€Å"The Worker Drone† the audience never finds out if the war had ended or even if Paul has actually told anyone else the truth. These  films display ambiguous endings and leave the audience wondering as to what exactly happened, and allows them to create their own version of the ending in their own heads. This common theme displays a postmodern type of storytelling in both â€Å"The Worker Drone† and â€Å"Play†. Another key postmodern theme that I believe was most apparent was the use of intertexting themes in both â€Å"The Worker Drone† and â€Å"Play†. An example of such was used during â€Å"Play† when the story is set inside a videogame in which the characters play as characters inside of the game cartages. Also, while in â€Å"The Worker Drone† this theme is shown with the use of the â€Å"Planet Dogstar† promo commercial that is played as a video inside of a movie. These examples of intertexting are very apparent in both films and represents another aspect of postmodern themes. Lastly, as related to the previous paragraph, most specifically the movie â€Å"Play†, the strange world in which these characters live in create a sense of paranoia and has them begin to question their reality. As mentioned, in the movie â€Å"Play† these characters find themselves in a strange video game world in which they are unsure of who they even are (eg. â€Å"Who am I? Where am I?†). Meanwhile, in â€Å"The Worker Drone† the main characters have developed paranoia in which they believe they are being monitored to the point in which they have nanochips implanted in their brains. In conclusion, both â€Å"The Worker Drone† and â€Å"Play† presented common themes showcasing a postmodern view such as intertexting, ambiguous endings and paranoia. These themes stood out the most in my opinion and made these stories postmodern in my opinion. Task 2: Movie Questions Q. What is the name of the movie? A. The Great Gatsby Q. When was the movie made? A. First in 1925 but again in 2013. Q. What is the main setting of the movie? (Time and place) A. Between West Egg and New York in the early 1900s after a war. Q. Who are the main characters? Which one is the protagonist? Which one is the antagonist? (Who are they, describe them briefly). A. Daisy : Gatsby loves her. He met her five years ago but didn’t marry her, now she is married with someone else and Gatsby wants to get back with her. Nick : The cousin of Daisy. Is used by Gatsby to connect with Daisy, and he is the one narrating the story. Jordon: Has a connection between Nick, Tom and Gatsby, and is a â€Å"side character† Protagonist: He is â€Å"Jay Gatsby†. His character is shown as the film progresses, and he is a mysterious man that throws parties every Saturday for what is later revealed to impress Daisy. He is a con man and has made money off of corruption. Antagonist: Tom (Daisy’s husband) is the antagonist in the film. He is originally just loving to his wife, but upon realizing Gatsbys intensions, plans to Gatsbys death Q. What is the essence of the problem or conflict that lies at the heart of this movie? A. Gatsby was unable to marry Daisy five years prior as he was too poor, and is now trying to win her back now that he is rich. The essence of the problem is also the decision by Daisy as to who she wants to spend the rest of her life with (Gatsby or her husband, Tom) Q. How are the attitudes and perspectives on life from that era reflected in the film? A. The language is very clearly an older, more British form of English with many British phrases presented (â€Å"Old Chap†). On top of that, the clothing, buildings, and cars are clearly old fashioned and dates back to the early 1900’s. Lastly, there is clearly a cultural shift between the main characters, and the lesser â€Å"poorer† peoples. This is clear by the lack of disregard to colored and underprivileged peoples in the early 1900’s Q. How is the story helped by camera angles? A. There are close shots during emotional scenes in them such as the only time when Gatsby was angry and when he was shot dead as well. There are shots with Dutch/angle to show confusion during the party scene when Nick met Gatsby for the first time. And when Tom’s lover, was struck by the car that was being driven by Daisy. There were also many long shots from above  to show wider detail like when there is a shot taken of the block/city. Q. How is the story helped by music? Provide several specific examples. A. The music was really relative to the scenes, and clearly emphasized the point playing. For example, there was soothing music during intimate scenes, and in contrast there was loud, fast paced music playing during the party scenes. Also, there was a clear difference in genre of music based on the ethnicity shown. For example more classical music was played during scenes with Daisy’s husband, and hip-hop during scenes with African Americans. Q. How is the story helped by costumes? A. Every scene costumes played a major role on portraying the setting, wither it be representing rich from poor, casual to formal, or night to day, as well as portraying the time this film was set in. The costumes were clearly early 1900s and was showcased by women wearing full dresses with hats, as well as Gatsby even holding a cane for show. An example of formal to casual is showcased by the Butlers wearing tuxedos in comparison to causal night clothes worn by Gatsby and other characters. Q. What is the overarching theme of the movie? Defend your choice. A. This film has one of the clearest themes I’ve even noticed, and it’s that wealth can’t buy you happiness. This is shown by the fact that Gatsby was able to throw rich extravagant parties, yet was unhappy because he was not with Daisy. Eventually he would actually die as a result of trying to get Daisy’s love back to marry him. Simply put, money cannot buy happiness Q. How do these production choices (camera angles, music, costumes) contribute to the overarching feeling that the movie is existentialist, modernist, or postmodernist? Choose one of these three styles and show how production choices helped to illuminate the literary style of the film. A. As mentioned previously, camera angles, music and costumes played a major role in the film. These helped present a Modernist style of movie by presenting costumes in the early 1900s sense. Around this time modernism began to grow, and you can tell by the modernist touches to the clothing. The music along with the costumes presents the Flappers ideology and really presented the modernist feel. Q. How is this like the poems, songs, or stories you have read in this unit? A. I found this movie had a variety of elements in it showcasing not only modernist views, but also existentialist and postmodernist ideas. Now of course these views have been presented in other poems, songs and stories throughout this unit, but it is the first time that all these elements are so clearly together. For example, modernist elements were found in the references to WW1 and Oxford U, while postmodernist elements were showcased in paranoia and suspension of other characters. In conclusion, I find this movie to have been a great blending of all themes, but having modernist as the center point idea. Q. How is this film different from everything else that you have read, heard, etc., in this unit? Make two specific connections. A. I found this film showcased many examples of several elements showcased in this unit (modernist, postmodern, existentialist, etc.). This made it more of an opinion choice based off the evidence as to what type of film was showcased. I did find this film to be much more enjoyable than the other films shown (practically because I knew about the story prior to) and made this film much more enjoyable/realistic to watch. Q. Is this movie mostly existentialist in outlook or mostly modernist in outlook or mostly postmodernist in its style? Why do you think that? A. I believe the movie was modernist for the most part because it had many of the elements required and did not have many postmodernist or existentialist elements throughout. Elements such as alliteration, such as the term â€Å"Old sport† were used for multiple reasons throughout the movie, which showcases a modernist form. Allusions/references were also very apparent, in such forms as references to WW1, Oxford U, etc. The theme of juxtaposition was shown as well when Daisy was deciding who to spend her life with. Task 3: Script The movie had many modern elements and concepts to it, and by adding the following monologue I hope to present the fact that it is such by using a  few theatrical devises used from that era (eg. â€Å"Strong visual images, Free-form poetry†). This scene begins the story as a reflection of the stories events told by Mr. Gatsby before the story its self is presented in full. â€Å"She was unique. A lovely girl for whom I loved from when I laid my eyes first upon her. You see, I was a fool. Her exquisiteness was so mind-blowing, so much in such that I became too nervous to make my presence available to her. We first met in Louisville in 1917, and we fell madly in love. Time changed, we grew apart. Yet here I found myself in the same country, same city and almost the same island yet I was a fool and I stayed reclusive.† â€Å"I don’t know how long it may have been, in fact I might not have ever reacquainted with her had it not been for a swell lad that moved next door named Nick. You see, every Saturday. Over and over again. Week after week. With my incredible wealth I hosted the grandest, most exciting parties that this Grand Island have ever seen, hoping, just hoping that this golden girl would show up.† â€Å"Today my heart is aching For a woman that’s far away I would give anything to hold him And any ransom I would pay† Once finished speaking, Mr. Gatsby finishes typing up what he’s said in story form. Proceeds to the crumple up the paper and throw it in the trash bin. Modified Poem from: http://www.familyfriendpoems.com/poems/love/long-distance/#ixzz3TZLUMIlw

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